Managed Kubernetes Architecture

Managed Kubernetes clusters are composed of the following main components — a control plane and worker nodes. Each cluster runs in its own, fully managed Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

• The control plane is composed of three master nodes, each running in a different Availability Zone to ensure high availability. Incoming traffic directed to the Kubernetes API passes through the respective cloud service load balancer.
• The worker nodes run on virtual instances located in a VPC. Managed kubernetes service engine provides managed node groups with automated lifecycle management. This lets users automatically create, update, or shut down nodes with one operation.

Managed Kubernetes service scales the Kubernetes control plane across multiple Availability Zones of the public cloud to ensure high availability and it automatically scales control plane instances based on load, detects and replaces unhealthy control plane instances, and automatically patches the control plane.

Managed Kubernetes workload instances are deployed in multiple availability zones within the region. Each instance has replicas of the services and nodes which exist across all the virtual instances.

Each zone or instance has an active pod listening to other instances. In case of a failure in any instance, the active pod ensures seamless functioning of the application by activating the nodes from any other working cluster.